yemenjmedYemen Journal of MedicinecoVolume 2 Issue 2 MultidisciplinaryEnglishMay-August 2023NNY20230928ArticleEvidence for immunothrombosis according to some markers of thromboinflammation in women with unexplained recurrent reproductive failuresEnglishY9598Alphonsus OgbonnaOgbuaborEnglishN10.32677/yjm.v2i2.4241Background: Unexplained recurrent reproductive failures (URRF) is a term that describes three different conditions of infertility namely, unexplained infertility (UI), Unexplained recurrent miscarriage (URM) and unexplained recurrent implantation failures (URIF). It is a global reproductive health problem. The aim of the present study was to compare some systemic markers of thromboinflammation in women with unexplained recurrent reproductive failures to controls. Methods: This was a case-control study involving 70 subjects (35 cases of URRF and 35 healthy control women). The  systemic cellular markers of immunothrombosis involving the Platelet Count (PLT), Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), Plateletcrit (PCT), Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and the Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) were determine using the Sysmex XN-10 Automated Hematology Analyzer, Sysmex Corporations Japan. Data was analyzed using One Way Analysis of Variance in GraphPad Prism version 8.0 (Graphpad Software, San Diego, CA, USA) and presented as mean + SD. Statistical significance was defined as pEnglishLow-grade chronic inflammation, Low-grade intravascular coagulation, Unexplained infertility, Unexplained recurrent implantation failures, Unexplained recurrent miscarriagehttps://yemenjmed.com/admin/abstract?id=63References1619Agenor A, Bhattachrya S. Infertility and miscarriage: common pathways in manifestation and management. Womenand;rsquo;s Health 2015; 11(4):527-541.Medina RR, Segovia AG, Leon AJ, et al. New decision-tree model for defining the risk of reproductive failure. Am J Reprod Immunol.2013; (1):1-10.Choudhry SR, Knapp LA. Human reproductive failure 1: immunological factors. Hum Reprod Update. 2000; 7(2):113-134.Kumar P, Mahajan S. Pre-implantation and post-implantation therapy for the treatment of reproductive failures. J Hum Reprod Sci. 2013; 6(2):88-92.Coulam CB, Acacio B. Does immunotherapy for treatment of reproductive failures enhance live birth? Am J Immunol. 2012; 67(4):296-303.Pandey D, Gupta S. Current update on recurrent pregnancy loss. J Basic Clin Reprod Sci. 2019; 8(1):1-6.Stevenson EL, Hershbberger EP, Bergh PA. Evidence-based care for couples with infertility. J Obstet, Gynecol, Neonatal Nurs 2016; 45(1): 199-110.Conran N, De Paula EV. Thromboinflammatory mechanisms in sickle cell disease: challenging the hemostatic balance. Hematologica. 2020; 105(10): 2380-2390.Jayarangiah A, Kariyanna PT, Chen X, et al. Covid 19-associated coagulopathy: an exacerbated immunothrombosis response. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2020; 26:1-11.Al-Aghary AR, Almorish MAW, Jaffer DWM, et al. Platelet indices in evaluation of patients with recurrent pregnancy loss. Asian Pac J Reprod . 2018; 7(1): 15-18.Ogbuabor AO, Onyia NL, Ohotu EO. Evidence for platelet activation according to some platelet indices in a cohort of type 2 diabetic mellitus patients. Saudi J Biomed Res. 2022; 7(11): 299-303.Okafor IA, Saanu OO, Olayemi O, et al. Characterization of primary female infertility in a Nigerian tertiary hospital: a case control study. Afr J Reprod Health. 2022; 26(8): 66-82.Sadeghi M.and;nbsp; The 40th anniversary of IVf; has ART success reached its peak? Journal of Reprod Infertil. 2018; 19:67-68.Gerotziatas GT, Dreden PV, dand;rsquo;Argent EM, et al. Impact of blood hypercoagulability on in vitro fertilization outcomes: a prospective longitudinal observational study. Thromb J. 2017; (9): 1-11.Pino MD, Ruberto MF, Costanzo G, et al. Chonic spontaneous urticarial:and;nbsp; low grade disseminated intravascular coagulation only partially reversed Omalizumab. Clin Exp Med. 2022; 10238: 1-8.Foley JH, Conway EM. Cross talk pathways between coagulation and inflammation. Circ Res. 2016; 118(9): 1392-1408.Dand;rsquo;Angels G. Inflammation and Coagulation: a continuum between coagulation activating and prothrombotic state. J Blood Disord. 2015; 2(1): 1023.Dankova N, Aleksandrovna MO, Borisovna TT,et al. Genetic and hemostasiological Predictors of IVF pregnancy. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2017; 33(51): 32-35.Avcioglu SN, Altinkaya DO, Kucuk M, et al. The association between platelet indices and clinical parameters in recurrent pregnancy loss. Gynecol, Obstet, Reprod Med. 2014; 20:146-149.Engin-Ustun Y, Ozgu-erdinc AS, Yilmaz N, et al. Human chitinase-3-like protein:a pathogenic role in recurrent implantation failure. Medeniyet Med J 2018;33(2):100-104Niraimathi M, Renu GV, Anand M. Evaluation of platelet counts and indices in various clinical conditions using automated hematology analyzer in a tertiary care hospital. Annals of Pathol Lab Med. 2018; 5(7): 626-630.