Abstract

Acute Cardiorenal Syndrome: Review (Part 2)

Elmukhtar Habas1,2, Eshrak Habas3, Mohamed Baghi4, Ala Habas5, Elmehdi Errayes6, Aml Habas7, Khalid Alarbi8, Amnna Rayani9

Keywords: Acute cardiorenal syndrome, type 1 cardiorenal syndrome pathophysiology, type 1CRS epidemiology, pathophysiology, CRS therapy and preve

DOI: 10.63475/yjm.v4i2.0167

DOI URL: https://doi.org/10.63475/yjm.v4i2.0167

Publish Date: 22-09-2025

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Pages: 310 - 325

Downloads: 4

Citation: 0

Author Affiliation:

1 Senior Consultant, Department of Medicine, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
2 Professor of Internal Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
3 Resident, Department of Radiology, Tripoli University Hospital, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
4 Associate Consultant, Department of Medicine, Hamad General Hospital, Doha,Qatar
5 Resident, Tripoli Central Hospital, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
6 Senior Consultant, Department of Medicine, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
7 Specialist Children’s University Hospital, Tripoli, Libya
8 Associate Consultant, Department of Medicine, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
9 Professor of Pediatric Medicine, Senior Consultant, Tripoli Children Hospital, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya 

Abstract

Recently, the definition of cardiorenal syndrome (CRS), a condition with a complicated pathogenesis, has been revised. Logically, CRS syndrome should be classified according to the initial organ that is injured, resulting in damage to another organ. Hence, there are only three main categories of CRS. Category one includes acute and chronic CRS. Category two involves renal-cardiac syndrome (RCS), which can be classified as acute or chronic. The third category represents secondary CRS, referred to as cardio-reno-cardiac syndrome (CRCS), which can be subdivided into acute and chronic CRCS. In this part of our series, we will discuss the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of acute CRS. We retrieved articles published on acute CRS using different keywords and phrases between January 2019 and June 2025 to achieve these goals.